I haven't tried and it may be totally fine. I would advise caution as car tyres have much higher volume than cycle tyres. This means that the same amount of air results in a much higher pressure change in a bike. It would be very easy to go dangerously high.
Of course, this is if your car compressor can deliver the higher pressures typically found in bike tyres.
It's not a question of "amount of air". Pumps don't just try to fill X litres of air like filling a bucket. They work until they reach a certain pressure. I imagine one for domestic car use would not be dangerous. I doubt it would shift enough volume quickly enough to get to dangerous levels before you noticed, but obviously I wouldn't leave it unattended.
Mine takes a good few minutes to fully inflate a flat car tyre. It doesn't state a maximum pressure but the manual does suggest a pressure for mountain bike tyres 30-50 psi and road bike 90-100, so this implies it can do these pressures. However mine works by setting a target pressure where it cuts off so this should be ok.
A garage one would certainly need care as it would deliver the volume quickly