So, it is interesting to read why Seamus Heaney started his translation thus:
https://wwnorton.com/college/english/nael/beowulf/introbeowulf.htm
Interesting. Brings to mind a recent conversation with one of my book club ladies, who'd been to a talk given by a translator.
He cited the example of the very first line of Camus's L'etranger (itself sometimes translated as The Stranger, sometimes as The Outsider): Aujourd’hui, maman est morte. Should that be 'Today, mother died'? No...'mother' is too formal to be true to 'maman'. How about 'Today, mum died'? Even worse! Far too informal. Truth is, there
is no direct English synonym for 'maman'. The translator sighed...you pays yer money and you takes yer choice, knowing that
no solution you come up with can ever be 'right'. You just have to do the best you can.
And that's with two closely related European languages. Imagine trying to translate, say, Tamil.