Yes, Ribble relate frame size for compact frame designs to effective top tube length - https://www.ribblecycles.co.uk/blog/choosing-correct-size-road-bike-geometry-explained/Can you find anything online that states frame size description relates to top tube length?
From that page:
The length of the toptube is the most important measurement to consider when choosing a bike. Frame geometries will always give an effective toptube length (C measurement in the image below) which is the horizontal distance from the centre of the headtube to the centre of the seatpillar. This is a much more accurate number to use because it eliminates the differing toptube slopes that frames have.
There is a good chart below which gives recommendations for the rider’s height:
Rider Height Effective Toptube Estimate (cm)
5’0″ – 5’3″ 49 – 51 (XS)
5’3″ – 5’6″ 52 – 53 (S)
5’6″ – 5’9″ 54 – 55 (M)
5’9″ – 6’0″ 56 – 58 (L)
6’0″ – 6’3″ 58 – 60 (XL)
6’3″ – 6’6″ 60 – 63 (XXL)