Coincidentally two things had already become more obvious to me than usual this winter:
(a) Street lighting makes most things, particularly parked vehicles, perfectly obvious, pedestrians in dark clothes are the only important things that tend to fade into the gloom.
(b) For oncoming vehicles with headlamps on the vehicle itself tends to disappear behind the glare of the lights. This is not a problem if all you want to do is know where that vehicle is, because the lights tell you, but does emphasise that relatively small unlit objects like bicycles can just vanish into the glare. I imagine cars running with sidelights only might also disappear, but there are not enough about to put this to the test.
I thought it was more or less accepted that dipped headlamps are too bright in lit streets for every purpose except warning you of the approach of the vehicle bearing them. Otherwise all they do is spoil the design principle for street lighting which is to make things stand out against a lit road surface. I had assumed this was the idea behind the former trend for dim dip. Dipped headlamps also contribute very little to seeing where you are going under many street lamp conditions.
However, it is difficult to see parking lamps as being suitable for moving cars, even if they were normal, but when most other cars are using dipped headlamps, it is probably dangerous to use them, someone will not see you, or see you and not appreciate what you are.
This is part of the reason why people tend to put on headlamps, not just when it is dark, or sunset by the clock, but when most other people are starting to put them on, so as not to be the only unlit vehicle hidden among the dazzle.
The other thing I wondered about this very morning, when walking up from the station was whether foglamps might actually be better. One car has both head and fog lamps on, and it did seem possible that the fog lamps produced less glare.
At dawn and dusk, or in moderately dull weather, car sidelights probably are a sensible option, adding some extra visibility, but not too much dazzle,and as someone said they bring the rear lights on. However, like the constant daytime running light proposal they are obviously a marker rather than an aid to seeing, but at least a non dazzling marker.