Wheels with too few spokes can do this if the spoke orientation is not perfect. With hard pedaling such as when honking up a hill, the spoke windup causes the spokes on the right hand side to either move towards the RD or away from it, depending on how they're oriented.
In order to know whether they're right way round, check that "pulling spokes" are interleaved so that they go over the pushing spokes i.e. pass over the pushing spoke when viewed from the right.
Also, carefully check the bottom part of your RD cage, on the inside, for signs of the spoke catching there. No amount of cross-chaining should pull your RD into the spokes.