Sabian, Ralighnut mentioned this above, but to expand: some groupsets have a choice of a normal rear mech or a touring one, which is longer and has a greater capacity. If you are buying a groupset in a box it may have the normal mech in it so you'll have to ask about swapping it.
With Shimano stuff if your mech is too short you can nearly always use a touring one from a different group.
Well, I wasn't planning on just getting the whole lot in a box as it includes brakes and not only am I going for discs, I don't think the disc trucker even has a place to put them anyway So all in all pretty pointless to pay for something I can't/won't use. I know they aren't massively expensive in the grand scheme of things but it'd mean faffing about trying to sell them on etc... not really worth the hassle.
I think if you look a the present 105-5800 they only list three cassette choices 12-25, 11-28 and 11-32 I think from what your wanting you'll be better with 50-34 chainset and the 11-32 cassette, you'll have to get the medium cage rear derailleur as the short only covers up to 28t. also Shimano don't make a triple chainset in 105-5800, sorry.
Even with a double will I have the capacity to spin up long climbs though, that's what I'm worried about. Fitness (or lack of) aside, I will eventually (he says...) be touring on it and I don't fancy grinding up a hill fully loaded wishing I'd gone for lower gearing.
Can I not use a 11sp cassette from the 5800 range then use a triple from the 5700 range with a longer derailleur?