Modular arithmetic is simple but not really used.
Say we take odd numbers.
3=1mod2. 3 -1 = 2k where in this case k=1
5=1mod2. 5-1 = 4 = 2k where in this case k=2
Also in the same set we have all sorts of combinations 5=3mod2, 19=17mod2 and whatever.
Similarly even numbers have a similar relation. However you cannot have 2=1mod2 or 4=3 mod2 or any kind of combinatation of odd and even mod2. You get two infinite sets. There's not even anything unique about numbers used in it, there are an infinite number of combinations using 1mod2.