Chains, spokes and cassettes are all consumables, and without knowing how much use your bike had before, it could be perfectly reasonable that you need to replace them.
Check also the wear on your chainrings. If it had been heavily ridden by the previous owner they could be wearing out too and replacement chainrings might be in your future. Or maybe not.
Something else that might be worth checking is whether the derailleur is straight/ hanger is bent. I've read on here that bad indexing could be due to this, but as I've never owned a bike with a separate hanger I wouldn't know.
This is all quite normal for a "mature" bike. Whether you persist with it really depends on how much you like the bike.
If, once you have it working again, will you pat it and say "Are you feeling better now, old friend?" Or will you glare at it and say "Are you happy now, you hateful money pit?". If the latter, then it might be time to move on.