Wobblers
Euthermic
- Location
- Minkowski Space
To some extent the foam should compress but by splitting it reduces a larger amount of the force. The outer shell should remain intact to hold it on the head, providing it is designed correctly.
If you drop a glass, dropping it onto the floor it shall smash. Dropping it onto something spongy and it shall slow it down, by dropping it into something that compresses and cracks (like a helmet) you slow it down and remove the force.
Good article here as well in case anyone wants it:
http://www.bhsi.org/general.htm
Did you actually read the article you linked to?
To help, here's a quote:
Helmets designed to handle major crash energy generally contain a layer of crushable foam. When you crash and hit a hard surface, the foam part of a helmet crushes, controlling the crash energy and extending your head's stopping time by about six thousandths of a second (6 ms) to reduce the peak impact to the brain. Rotational forces and internal strains are likely to be reduced by the crushing.
They should not split or crack. A lid that has cracked is a lid that has failed in its purpose.