derailing isn't a problem.
The problem if the inner chainring is too small is that the chain drags across the bottom of the front mech cage and forces you to avoid the smaller sprockets. You can get the same gears on the middle ring, so all it means is that you have to avoid cross-chaining, which you should anyway.
I know this the other thing to watch for is if the chain is too long and the RD doubles back on itself, to big and to small a rear gear can lead to this, as you would in
theory need enough chain for bigxbig and smallxsmall, as you say something you shouldn't do.
I do most of my riding on the middle, and I have been toying with gear ratios, as my average gear length is about the 61-62" I have geared the bike so I have on the 38front and from 12-13-14-15-16-17 on the back 83-58" in single step gearing, then 17-19-21-24-27, the way I had it on a 40th middle it was putting me between changing on the 17-19 quite a lot and I didn't like it, as I spin usually on the flat between 90-100 on a 61" and higher gear even on a 62.5" on the 38x16 thats between 16.74-18.6mph its usually higher, but like I said I was working from my average gear inch for a ride.
Since for most of my riding it is likely that I can get away with a 38x25 or less, because yesterday I rode using no less than the 38x24 and it was as difficult as most of my rides are likely to be, plus the inner 26 is there for those times when things get a little tougher going down to currently 25.32 but when I get a new a new cassette the 38x25 is still less than the 30x27 I had, the down side is I lose a bit on the top end.
On another note do you know what might be the maximum capacity between rings on a 105/Ultegra triple FD