External bottom brackets were marketed as allowing larger bearings, but the ball bearings are usually small and radial in HTII BB's.
My singlespeed's bmx BB uses 6204RS sealed bearings with 5/16" (7.938mm) balls which last years even if neglected.
- Cup and Cone BB bearing size:_______1/4"___(6.35mm)
- Shimano Cartridge BB bearing size:____7/32"_(5.56mm) and 5/32" (3.97mm) (TY-30)
- Hollowtech II BB bearing size:_________1/8"__(3.2mm) (Tiagra)
From
http://www.slowtwitch.com/Tech/Bearing_Breakdown_2822.html:
"To make matters worse, some products use bearings that simply are not designed for the application. Remember that part about radial vs angular contact bearings? Well, some hubs and bottom brackets use radial bearings – which are only designed to take forces in the vertical plane. If you only ride your bike while seated, and never turn a corner, you’re fine. I don’t know about you, but sometimes I stand up, or sprint, or ride in such a way that is otherwise
not a perfectly controlled laboratory condition. In effect, using a radial bearing in an application that will see substantial lateral loads assumes eventual failure. It is possible to help alleviate this issue by using a larger ball bearing size – this “gifts” the design extra load capacity, so it will last somewhat longer. But unfortunately, bearings are the heaviest part of the hub – so more bearing means more weight (which doesn’t help sell product)."