You're half way there having removed (or maybe it was missing?) the nut from the cotter pin on the drive side. Cotter pins are a sort of taper-sided cylinder, pulled in tight by a nut on the threaded end.
With hard-to-move cotter pins you can either undo the nuts and ride the bike up and down the street a bit to see if the pins work loose or use a little penetrating oil / WD40 in there.
Then using an oversize socket and a G-clamp make a makeshift cotter pin press. Put the oversize socket over the non-threaded end of the pin and using the g-clamp, tighten up to press the threaded end back through the crank arm towards the socket. Lots of cotter pins seem to be made of cheese, so you might want to thread the nut back on there loosely, so you don't mangle the end of the thread by pushing against it with the jaws of the clamp. Or, you could just use the WD-40 to try and ease it then twat it with a hammer, for a slightly less elegant solution!
There's probably a video showing the above on the Youtubes - there usually is