the left hand threads on a bike are the left pedal and the right BB cup (and a fixed gear lockring, if relevant).
With the bike upright, and the spanner pointing vertically upwards, for pedals push the end of the spanner towards the back of the bike, and for a BB cup push it towards the front of the bike.
Front brake:
The law says all bikes must be sold with the brake levers fitted front right, so as not to confuse the unwary.
Front right is selected so that if you brake whilst indicating right (i.e only one hand on the bars), you are less likely to lose control and fall off in the middle of the road. In foreign parts they are in the middle of the road indicating a turn with their left hand, so the weaker back brake is on the right.