I went for bigger koolstop canti pads on my old bike, fitted fine, performance was much better but i suspect that was down to getting decent quality pads more than their size.
If this is with improved stopping power in mind, cantis are all about angles and forces. I was told (by an engineer type) to make the angle of the straddle wire makes from the tips of the brake arms to where it joins the cable to be as close to 90 degrees as possible, so that the straddle wire is being pulled perpendicular to the brake arm (ie. all the force pulling in the right direction to apply pads). Sorry if i cant explain that very well, but it really made a huge difference to their performance.
